Which statement best describes the effect of ANP/BNP on systemic vascular resistance?

Which statement best describes the effect of ANP/BNP on systemic vascular resistance?

• A. Increase systemic vascular resistance
• B. No change in systemic vascular resistance
• C. Decrease systemic vascular resistance
• D. Increase blood pressure

Answer: (C)

ANP and BNP are release signals from heart chambers in response to stretch, and their main effect on the vasculature is vasodilation. They bind receptors on vascular smooth muscle that raise cyclic GMP, causing the muscles to relax and the vessels to widen. This outward relaxation lowers systemic vascular resistance. They also oppose the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and sympathetic activity, which shifts the balance away from vasoconstriction. Additionally, ANP/BNP promote natriuresis and diuresis, reducing blood volume and venous return, which helps decrease overall blood pressure. Put together, these actions produce a net decrease in systemic vascular resistance.

ANP and BNP are release signals from heart chambers in response to stretch, and their main effect on the vasculature is vasodilation. They bind receptors on vascular smooth muscle that raise cyclic GMP, causing the muscles to relax and the vessels to widen. This outward relaxation lowers systemic vascular resistance. They also oppose the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and sympathetic activity, which shifts the balance away from vasoconstriction. Additionally, ANP/BNP promote natriuresis and diuresis, reducing blood volume and venous return, which helps decrease overall blood pressure. Put together, these actions produce a net decrease in systemic vascular resistance.